Kukwezashirimpi, muyenera kukweza madzi kaye. Mu ndondomeko yonse yokweza nkhanu, kulamulira khalidwe la madzi n'kofunika kwambiri. Kuwonjezera ndi kusintha madzi ndi njira imodzi yosavuta yowongolera ubwino wa madzi. Kodi dziwe la nkhanu liyenera kusintha madzi? Anthu ena amati nkhanu ndi zofooka kwambiri. Kusintha misana kuti ipangitse nkhanu kukhala chipolopolo nthawi zambiri kumafooketsa thupi lawo ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi matenda. Ena amati n'zosatheka kusasintha madzi. Pambuyo pokweza nthawi yayitali, khalidwe la madzi limakhala lopanda mphamvu, choncho tiyenera kusintha madzi. Kodi ndisinthe madzi pokweza nkhanu? Kapena madzi angasinthidwe pazifukwa ziti ndipo madzi sangasinthidwe pazifukwa ziti?

 

Zinthu zisanu ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa kuti pakhale kusintha koyenera kwa madzi

1. Nkhono sizili pa nthawi yokwanira yakuponya zipolopolo, ndipo thupi lawo limakhala lofooka panthawiyi kuti apewe kupsinjika kwakukulu;

2. Nkhono zimakhala ndi thupi labwino, mphamvu zabwino, zimadya bwino komanso sizidwala;

3. Gwero la madzi ndi lotsimikizika, mkhalidwe wa madzi a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi wabwino, zizindikiro zakuthupi ndi za mankhwala ndi zabwinobwino, ndipo palibe kusiyana kwakukulu ndi mchere ndi kutentha kwa madzi m'dziwe la nkhanu;

4. Madzi a dziwe loyambirira ali ndi chonde, ndipo algae ndi amphamvu pang'ono;

5. Madzi olowera m'madzi amasefedwa ndi ukonde wokhuthala kuti nsomba zakuthengo zosiyanasiyana ndi adani asalowe m'dziwe la nkhanu.

Momwe mungatulutsire madzi ndikusintha madzi mwasayansi pagawo lililonse

1) Gawo loyambirira la kubereka. Kawirikawiri, madzi okha ndi omwe amawonjezedwa popanda kukhetsa madzi, zomwe zingathandize kutentha kwa madzi mwachangu kwambiri ndikukulitsa tizilombo tokwanira ta nyambo ndi algae opindulitsa.

Mukawonjezera madzi, akhoza kusefedwa ndi zigawo ziwiri za zotchingira, ndi maukonde 60 a mkati ndi maukonde 80 akunja, kuti tizilombo ta adani ndi mazira a nsomba asalowe m'dziwe la nkhanu. Onjezani madzi kwa 3-5cm tsiku lililonse. Pambuyo pa masiku 20-30, kuya kwa madzi pang'onopang'ono kumatha kufika mamita 1.2-1.5 kuchokera pa 50-60cm yoyambirira.

2) Kubereka kwa nthawi yapakati. Kawirikawiri, madzi akapitirira 10cm, sikoyenera kusintha sefa kuti muchotse zinyalala tsiku lililonse.

3) Gawo lotsatira la kubereka. Kuti mpweya wosungunuka pansi pa madzi uwonjezereke, madzi a dziwe ayenera kuyendetsedwa pa 1.2m. Komabe, mu Seputembala, kutentha kwa madzi kunayamba kuchepa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kuya kwa madzi kumatha kuwonjezeredwa moyenera kuti kutentha kwa madzi kukhale kosasintha, koma kusintha kwa madzi tsiku ndi tsiku sikuyenera kupitirira 10cm.

Mwa kuwonjezera ndi kusintha madzi, titha kusintha kuchuluka kwa mchere ndi michere m'madzi m'dziwe la nkhanu, kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa algae ya unicellular, kusintha mawonekedwe, ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa okosijeni m'madzi m'dziwe la nkhanu. Munthawi yotentha kwambiri, kusintha madzi kumatha kuzizira. Mwa kuwonjezera ndi kusintha madzi, pH ya madzi m'dziwe la nkhanu imatha kukhazikika ndipo kuchuluka kwa zinthu zoopsa monga hydrogen sulfide ndi ammonia nitrogen kumatha kuchepetsedwa, kuti pakhale malo abwino okhala kuti nkhanu zikule.