Ma surfactants a bipolar ndi ma surfactants omwe ali ndi magulu a anionic ndi cationic hydrophilic.

Mwachidule, ma amphoteric surfactants ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi magulu awiri okonda madzi mkati mwa molekyulu imodzi, kuphatikizapo magulu a anionic, cationic, ndi nonionic hydrophilic. Ma amphoteric surfactants omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi magulu okonda madzi okhala ndi mchere wa ammonium kapena quaternary ammonium mu gawo la cationic ndi mitundu ya carboxylate, sulfonate, ndi phosphate mu gawo la anionic. Mwachitsanzo, amino acid amphoteric surfactants okhala ndi magulu a amino ndi magawo mu molekyulu imodzi ndi betaine amphoteric surfactants opangidwa kuchokera ku mchere wamkati wokhala ndi magulu a quaternary ammonium ndi carboxyl, okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Kuwonetsedwa kwa ma surfactants amphiphilic kumasiyana malinga ndi pH ya yankho lawo.

Kuwonetsa makhalidwe a ma surfactants a cationic mu acidic media; Kuwonetsa makhalidwe a ma surfactants a anionic mu alkaline media; Kuwonetsa makhalidwe a ma surfactants osakhala a ionic mu neutral media. Malo omwe makhalidwe a cationic ndi anionic ali bwino amatchedwa isoelectric point.

Pa malo opangidwa ndi isoelectric, ma amino acid amphoteric surfactants nthawi zina amatuluka, pomwe ma betaine type surfactants satuluka mosavuta ngakhale pamalo opangidwa ndi isoelectric.

Mtundu wa BetainePoyamba ma surfactants adagawidwa m'gulu la quaternary ammonium salt compounds, koma mosiyana ndi quaternary ammonium salts, alibe anions.
Betaine imasunga mphamvu yake ya molecular positive ndi cationic mu acidic ndi alkaline media. Mtundu uwu wa surfactant sungapeze mphamvu zabwino kapena zoipa. Kutengera pH ya yankho lamadzi la mtundu uwu wa compound, ndikoyenera kuigawa molakwika ngati amphoteric surfactant.

Malinga ndi mfundo imeneyi, mankhwala a mtundu wa betaine ayenera kugawidwa m'magulu a cationic surfactants. Ngakhale kuti pali mfundo zimenezi, ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri a betaine compound akupitiriza kuwagawa m'magulu a amphoteric. Pa heteroelectricity, pali kapangidwe ka biphasic mu ntchito ya pamwamba: R-N+(CH3) 2-CH2-COO -.

Chitsanzo chodziwika kwambiri cha ma surfactants amtundu wa betaine ndi alkylbetaine, ndipo chinthu choyimira chake ndi N-dodecyl-N, N-dimethyl-N-carboxyl betaine [BS-12, Cl2H25-N+(CH3) 2-CH2COO -]. Betaine yokhala ndi magulu a amide [Cl2H25 m'mapangidwe ake imalowetsedwa ndi R-CONH - (CH2) 3-] imagwira ntchito bwino.

Kuuma kwa madzi sikukhudzabetaineChopangira madzi. Chimapanga thovu labwino komanso chokhazikika bwino m'madzi ofewa komanso olimba. Kupatula pakuphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala a anionic pa pH yotsika, chingagwiritsidwenso ntchito pamodzi ndi ma anionic ndi ma cationic surfactants. Mwa kuphatikiza betaine ndi ma anionic surfactants, kukhuthala kwabwino kumatha kupezeka.