Potaziyamu formate, chakudya choyamba chopanda maantibayotiki chomwe chinavomerezedwa ndi European Union mu 2001 ndikuvomerezedwa ndi Unduna wa Zaulimi ku China mu 2005, chakhala chikusunga dongosolo logwiritsira ntchito lokhwima kwa zaka zoposa 10, ndipo mapepala ambiri ofufuza mdziko muno komanso padziko lonse lapansi anena za zotsatira zake pa magawo osiyanasiyana a kukula kwa nkhumba.

Matenda a nkhuku otchedwa Necrotizing enteritis ndi matenda a nkhuku padziko lonse omwe amayamba chifukwa cha mabakiteriya okhala ndi gramu (Clostridium perfringens), omwe amawonjezera kufa kwa nkhuku ndikuchepetsa kukula kwa nkhuku m'njira yocheperako. Zonsezi zimawononga ubwino wa ziweto ndikubweretsa kutayika kwakukulu kwachuma pakupanga nkhuku. Pakupanga kwenikweni, maantibayotiki nthawi zambiri amawonjezeredwa ku chakudya kuti apewe kufalikira kwa matenda a enteritis. Komabe, kuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki m'zakudya kukukulirakulira, ndipo njira zina zofunika zimafunika kuti zilowe m'malo mwa mankhwala oletsa maantibayotiki. Kafukufukuyu adapeza kuti kuwonjezera ma organic acid kapena mchere wawo muzakudya kumatha kuletsa kuchuluka kwa Clostridium perfringens, potero kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa matenda a enteritis. Potassium formate imasungunuka kukhala formic acid ndi potassium formate m'matumbo. Chifukwa cha mphamvu ya covalent bond ku kutentha, formic acid ina imalowa m'matumbo kwathunthu. Kuyeseraku kunagwiritsa ntchito nkhuku yomwe ili ndi matenda a necrotizing enteritis ngati chitsanzo chofufuzira kuti ifufuze zotsatira zapotaziyamu formatepa momwe imakulira, microbiota ya m'mimba, ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta acid mu unyolo waufupi.

1. Zotsatira zaPotaziyamu Diformatepa Kukula kwa Nkhuku za Broilers Zodwala Matenda a Necrotizing Enteritis.

Zotsatira za kafukufukuyu zinasonyeza kuti potassium formate sinakhudze kwambiri kukula kwa nkhuku za nkhuku zokhala ndi matenda a enteritis omwe amafalikira kapena osafalikira, zomwe zikugwirizana ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku wa Hernandez et al. (2006). Zinapezeka kuti mlingo womwewo wa calcium formate sunakhudze kwambiri kulemera kwa nkhuku za nkhuku tsiku ndi tsiku komanso kuchuluka kwa chakudya cha nkhuku za nkhuku, koma pamene kuwonjezera calcium formate kunafika pa 15 g/kg, kunachepetsa kwambiri kukula kwa nkhuku za nkhuku (Patten ndi Waldroup, 1988). Komabe, Selle et al. (2004) adapeza kuti kuwonjezera 6 g/kg ya potassium formate muzakudya kunawonjezera kwambiri kulemera ndi kudya kwa nkhuku za nkhuku za nkhuku pa masiku 16-35. Pakadali pano pali malipoti ochepa ofufuza okhudza ntchito ya organic acids popewa matenda a enteritis omwe amafalikira. Kuyeseraku kunapeza kuti kuwonjezera 4 g/kg ya potassium formate muzakudya kunachepetsa kwambiri kufa kwa nkhuku za nkhuku, koma panalibe ubale pakati pa kuchepetsa kufa ndi kuchuluka kwa potassium formate yomwe yawonjezeredwa.

2. Zotsatira zaPotaziyamu Diformateza Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'maselo ndi ziwalo za nkhuku zoyamwitsa zomwe zili ndi matenda a Necrotizing Enteritis

Kuonjezera 45mg/kg ya bacitracin zinc mu chakudya kunachepetsa imfa ya nkhuku zomwe zili ndi matenda a enteritis, ndipo nthawi yomweyo kunachepetsa kuchuluka kwa Clostridium perfringens mu jejunum, zomwe zinali zogwirizana ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku wa Kocher et al. (2004). Panalibe zotsatirapo zazikulu za potassium diformate supplementation pa kuchuluka kwa Clostridium perfringens mu jejunum ya nkhuku zomwe zili ndi matenda a enteritis kwa masiku 15. Walsh et al. (2004) adapeza kuti kudya zakudya zokhala ndi asidi wambiri kumakhudza kwambiri ma organic acid, chifukwa chake, acidity yambiri ya zakudya zokhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri ingachepetse mphamvu yoteteza ya potassium formate pa necrotizing enteritis. Kuyesera kumeneku kunapezanso kuti potassium formate inawonjezera kuchuluka kwa lactobacilli m'mimba mwa minofu ya nkhuku za 35d broiler, zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi zomwe Knarreborg et al. (2002) adapeza mu vitro kuti potassium formate inachepetsa kukula kwa lactobacilli m'mimba mwa nkhumba.

3.Zotsatira za potaziyamu 3-dimethylformate pa pH ya minofu ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta mu unyolo waufupi mu nkhuku za broiler zomwe zili ndi matenda a enteritis.

Amakhulupirira kuti mphamvu ya ma organic acids yolimbana ndi mabakiteriya imapezeka makamaka kumtunda kwa kugaya chakudya. Zotsatira za kuyeseraku zasonyeza kuti potaziyamu dicarboxylate inawonjezera kuchuluka kwa formic acid mu duodenum patatha masiku 15 ndi jejunum patatha masiku 35. Mroz (2005) adapeza kuti pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimakhudza momwe ma organic acids amagwirira ntchito, monga pH ya chakudya, buffering/acidity, ndi dietary electrolyte balance. Kuchepa kwa acidity ndi kuchuluka kwa electrolyte balance muzakudya kungathandize kugawikana kwa potassium formate kukhala formic acid ndi potassium formate. Chifukwa chake, mulingo woyenera wa acidity ndi electrolyte balance muzakudya ukhoza kukulitsa kukula kwa nkhuku ndi potassium formate komanso momwe zimatetezera ku necrotizing enteritis.

Mapeto

Zotsatira zapotaziyamu formatePa chitsanzo cha matenda a enteritis oyambitsa matenda a broiler, kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti potassium formate imatha kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa kukula kwa nkhuku za broiler m'mikhalidwe ina mwa kuwonjezera kulemera kwa thupi ndikuchepetsa imfa, ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chakudya chowonjezera kuti ichepetse matenda a enteritis oyambitsa matenda a broiler.