KUFUNIKA KWA KUDYETSA BETAINE MU NKHUKU

Popeza India ndi dziko lotentha, kutentha kwambiri ndi chimodzi mwa zopinga zazikulu zomwe India ikukumana nazo. Chifukwa chake, kuyambitsidwa kwa Betaine kungakhale kopindulitsa kwa alimi a nkhuku. Betaine yapezeka kuti ikuwonjezera kupanga nkhuku pothandiza kuchepetsa kutentha kwambiri. Imathandizanso kuwonjezera FCR ya mbalame komanso kugaya bwino ulusi wosaphika ndi mapuloteni osaphika. Chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zopumira, Betaine imathandizira magwiridwe antchito a mbalame zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi coccidiosis. Imathandizanso kuwonjezera kulemera kochepa kwa nyama zomwe zafa.

MAWU OFUNIKA

Betaine, Kutentha, Wopereka Methyl, Chowonjezera cha Chakudya

MAWU OYAMBA

Mu ulimi wa ku India, gawo la nkhuku ndi limodzi mwa magawo omwe akukula mofulumira kwambiri. Popeza mazira ndi nyama zikupangidwa pamlingo wa 8-10% pa chaka, India tsopano ndi dziko lachisanu padziko lonse lapansi lomwe limapanga mazira ndi khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu padziko lonse lapansi. Koma kukhala dziko lotentha kwambiri chifukwa cha kutentha ndi limodzi mwa mavuto akuluakulu omwe makampani a nkhuku amakumana nawo ku India. Kutentha kwambiri ndi pamene mbalame zimakumana ndi kutentha kwambiri kuposa momwe zimakhalira, zomwe zimasokoneza magwiridwe antchito abwinobwino a thupi zomwe zimakhudza kukula ndi magwiridwe antchito a mbalame. Zimakhudzanso kukula kwa matumbo komwe kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa michere m'mimba komanso kuchepetsa kudya chakudya.

Kuchepetsa kutentha kudzera mu kayendetsedwe ka zomangamanga monga kupereka nyumba yotetezedwa, ma air conditioner, ndi malo ochulukirapo kwa mbalame nthawi zambiri kumakhala kokwera mtengo kwambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, chithandizo cha zakudya pogwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera zakudya mongaBetaineImathandiza kuthana ndi vuto la kutentha kwambiri. Betaine ndi alkaloid yopangidwa ndi michere yambiri yomwe imapezeka mu beets ndi zakudya zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a chiwindi ndi m'mimba komanso kuchepetsa kutentha kwambiri mu nkhuku. Imapezeka ngati betaine anhydrous yochokera ku beets, betaine hydrochloride yopangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zopangidwa. Imagwira ntchito ngati methyl donor yomwe imathandiza kubwezeretsa methylation ya homocysteine ​​​​kukhala methionine mu nkhuku ndikupanga mankhwala othandiza monga carnitine, creatinine ndi phosphatidyl choline kupita ku S-adenosyl methionine pathway. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake ka zwitterionic, imagwira ntchito ngati osmolyte yomwe imathandizira kusunga kagayidwe ka madzi m'maselo.

Ubwino wodyetsa betaine mu nkhuku -

• Zimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa nkhuku zomwe zimakula mwa kusunga mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu pampu ya Na+ k+ kutentha kwakukulu ndipo zimathandiza kuti mphamvu imeneyi igwiritsidwe ntchito pakukula.
• Ratriyanto, et al (2017) adanenanso kuti kuphatikiza betaine ndi 0.06% ndi 0.12% kumapangitsa kuti mapuloteni osaphika ndi ulusi wosaphika zigayidwe bwino.
• Zimathandizanso kuti zinthu zouma, ether extract ndi non-nitrogen fiber extract zigayike mosavuta mwa kuthandiza kukulitsa mucosa ya m'mimba zomwe zimathandiza kuyamwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito michere.
• Zimathandiza kuti mafuta a m’gulu la ma asidi afupiafupi monga acetic acid ndi propionic acid azigwiritsidwa ntchito posunga lactobacillus ndi Bifidobacterium m’nkhuku.
• Vuto la ndowe zonyowa komanso kuchepa kwa ubwino wa zinyalala pambuyo pake zitha kuwongoleredwa ndi kuwonjezera betaine m'madzi polimbikitsa kusunga madzi ambiri m'zinyama zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kutentha.
• Kuonjezera Betaine kumawonjezera FCR @1.5-2 Gm/kg feed (Attia, et al, 2009)
• Ndi wopereka methyl wabwino kwambiri poyerekeza ndi choline chloride ndi methionine pankhani ya mtengo wotsika.

Zotsatira za Betaine pa coccidiosis -

Coccidiosis imagwirizanitsidwa ndi vuto la osmotic ndi ionic chifukwa imayambitsa kusowa madzi m'thupi komanso kutsegula m'mimba. Betaine chifukwa cha njira yake yochepetsera osmoregulatory imalola kuti maselo azigwira ntchito bwino akamavutika ndi madzi. Betaine ikaphatikizidwa ndi ionophore coccidiostat (salinomycin) imakhudza bwino magwiridwe antchito a mbalame panthawi ya coccidiosis mwa kuletsa kufalikira kwa coccidial ndi chitukuko chake komanso mwanjira ina pothandizira kapangidwe ndi ntchito ya m'mimba.

Udindo pakupanga nkhuku za Broiler -

Betaine imalimbikitsa kagayidwe ka okosijeni ka mafuta kudzera mu ntchito yake popanga carnitine motero imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yowonjezera mafuta ochepa komanso ochepetsera mafuta m'nyama ya nkhuku (Saunderson ndi macKinlay, 1990). Imawonjezera kulemera kwa nyama, kuchuluka kwa kuvala, ntchafu, bere ndi giblets pamlingo wa 0.1-0.2% mu chakudya. Imakhudzanso kuyika kwa mafuta ndi mapuloteni ndikuchepetsa mafuta m'chiwindi ndikuchepetsa mafuta m'mimba.

Udindo pakupanga zigawo -

Zotsatira za betaine zimathandiza mbalame kuthana ndi kutentha komwe nthawi zambiri kumakhudza ziwalo zambiri za nkhuku zikamakula kwambiri. Mu nkhuku zoyamwitsa, kuchepa kwakukulu kwa mafuta m'chiwindi kunapezeka ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa betaine m'zakudya.

MAPETO

Kuchokera m'makambirano onse omwe ali pamwambapa, tinganene kutibetaineikhoza kuonedwa ngati chakudya chowonjezera chomwe sichimangowonjezera magwiridwe antchito ndi kukula kwa mbalame komanso ndi njira ina yabwino kwambiri yopezera ndalama. Zotsatira zazikulu za betaine ndi kuthekera kwake kuthana ndi kutentha. Ndi njira ina yabwino komanso yotsika mtengo ya methionine ndi choline ndipo imayamwanso mwachangu. Sili ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa kwa mbalame ndipo palibe nkhawa zaumoyo wa anthu komanso maantibayotiki ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nkhuku.