Betaine ndi glycine methyl lactone yochokera ku shuga beet processing by-product. Ndi quaternary amine alkaloid. Imatchedwa betaine chifukwa idatulutsidwa koyamba kuchokera ku shuga beet molasses. Betaine imapezeka makamaka mu molasses ya shuga beet ndipo imapezeka kwambiri m'zomera. Ndi wopereka methyl wothandiza kwambiri m'zinyama, imatenga nawo mbali mu metabolism ya methyl m'thupi, imatha kulowa m'malo mwa methionine ndi choline m'zakudya, ndipo imalimbikitsa kudyetsa ziweto ndi kukula komanso kukonza kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya.

 

1.

Mfundo yokhudza kukopa chakudya cha betaine ndikulimbikitsa fungo ndi kukoma kwa nsomba ndi nkhanu mwa kukhala ndi kukoma kwapadera komanso kutsitsimuka kwa nsomba ndi nkhanu, kuti tikwaniritse cholinga chokopa chakudya. Kuwonjezera 0.5% ~ 1.5% betaine ku chakudya cha nsomba kumakhudza kwambiri fungo ndi kukoma kwa nsomba zonse, nkhanu ndi nkhanu zina, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chakudya chikhale chokoma, komanso kuchepetsa nthawi yodyetsa. Kulimbikitsa kugaya chakudya ndi kuyamwa, kufulumizitsa kukula kwa nsomba ndi nkhanu, komanso kupewa kuipitsa madzi chifukwa cha zinyalala za chakudya.

2.

Betaine imatha kulimbikitsa kukula kwa nsomba ndi nkhanu, kulimbitsa kukana matenda ndi chitetezo cha mthupi, kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa kupulumuka komanso kusintha kwa chakudya. Kuwonjezera betaine kumakhudza kwambiri kukula kwa nsomba zazing'ono ndi nkhanu ndikukweza kuchuluka kwa kupulumuka. Kulemera kwa nsomba zamtundu wa rainbow trout zomwe zimadyetsedwa ndi betaine kunawonjezeka ndi 23.5%, ndipo kuchuluka kwa chakudya kunachepa ndi 14.01%; Kulemera kwa nsomba ya Atlantic salmon kunawonjezeka ndi 31.9% ndipo kuchuluka kwa chakudya kunachepa ndi 20.8%. Pamene 0.3% ~ 0.5% betaine inawonjezeredwa ku zakudya za carp wa miyezi iwiri, kuwonjezeka kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kunawonjezeka ndi 41% ~ 49% ndipo kuchuluka kwa chakudya kunachepa ndi 14% ~ 24%. Kuwonjezera kwa 0.3% betaine yoyera kapena yophatikizana mu chakudya kungathandize kwambiri kukula kwa tilapia ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya. Pamene 1.5% betaine inawonjezeredwa ku zakudya za nkhanu za m'mphepete, kuwonjezeka kwa kulemera kwa nkhanu za m'mphepete kunawonjezeka ndi 95.3% ndipo kuchuluka kwa kupulumuka kunawonjezeka ndi 38%.