Nkhumba nthawi zonse yakhala gawo lalikulu la nyama ya anthu okhala patebulo, ndipo ndi gwero lofunika kwambiri la mapuloteni apamwamba. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, nyama zambiri zimadya nyama zambiri.kuswana nkhumbayakhala ikutsatira kwambiri kuchuluka kwa nyama, kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe imadya, kuchuluka kwa nyama yopanda mafuta ambiri, mtundu wopepuka wa nkhumba, kukoma koipa ndi mavuto ena, ndipo nkhumba ndi yofewa komanso yokoma, zomwe anthu ambiri amakonda. Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimakhudza kukoma kwa nkhumba?

1. Mitundu

Pakadali pano, ma hydrocarbon, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, esters, furans, pyrazine ndi zinthu zina zofooka zapezeka mu nkhumba. Zambiri mwa zinthuzi ndizofanana mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama, koma zomwe zili mkati mwake ndizosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu ya nkhumba imakhala ndi zinthu zokometsera monga shuga, mafuta ndi mapuloteni. Mitundu ya nkhumba yakomweko imaleredwa ndi anthu ogwira ntchito m'dziko lathu kudzera mu kuswana kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo ndi mabanki ofunika kwambiri a majini. Tiyenera kuyika bwino ubwino wa mitundu ya nkhumba yakomweko ndikulima mitundu ya nkhumba yodziwika bwino yokhala ndi kukoma kwabwino.

2. Zaka ndi jenda

Kufewa kwa nkhumba kumakhudzidwa ndi msinkhu wa nkhumba. Ana a nkhumba, chifukwa cha minofu yawo yopyapyala komanso kusagwirizana kwa minofu yolumikizana, amakhala atsopano komanso ofewa. Pamene ukalamba ukuwonjezeka, kulumikizana kwa minofu yolumikizana kumawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, ndipo minofu imakhala yolimba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kufewa kuchepe. Kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti ubwino wa nyama umakula pang'onopang'ono ndi kukula kwa ukalamba, koma umakhala wokhazikika patatha masiku 220, zomwe zimafuna chisamaliro cha msinkhu wa kuphedwa kwa nkhumba pochita kupanga. Kupha nyama isanakwane sikothandiza kuti nyama ikhale yabwino, ndipo kupha nyama mochedwa kumawononga ndalama zopangira ndipo sikungawonjezere ubwino wa nyama. Ubwino wa nkhumba umakhudzidwa osati ndi ukalamba wokha, komanso ndi mtundu wa nkhumba. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta minofu ya nkhumba ndi tambiri, ndipo tili ndi androstenone, skatole, polyunsaturated fatty acids ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimakhudza kukoma.

3. Kudyetsa

KudyetsaMakamaka zimaphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa zakudya zopatsa thanzi, kapangidwe ka chakudya, ndi kasamalidwe ka chakudya. Kuchuluka kwa zakudya zopatsa thanzi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimakhudza ubwino wa nkhumba. Kudyetsa chakudya champhamvu kwambiri komanso mapuloteni ochepa, nkhumba imakhala ndi mafuta ambiri komanso nyama yofewa; Kudyetsa chakudya chokhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri komanso mphamvu zochepa, nyama ndi yaying'ono ndipo mafuta ndi ochepa; Ma amino acid monga lysine, threonine ndi cysteine ​​​​amakhudzanso kwambiri ubwino wa nyama, kotero chisamaliro chiyenera kuperekedwa pa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe chimaperekedwa. Kuphatikiza pa kuchuluka kwa michere ya chakudya, kapangidwe ka chakudyacho kamakhudzanso ubwino wa nkhumba. Kudyetsa chimanga chochuluka kumapangitsa nkhumba kukhala yachikasu, makamaka chifukwa utoto wachikasu mu chimanga umayikidwa mu mafuta a nkhumba ndi minofu; Thiopropene, propylene disulfide, allicin, aromatics ndi zinthu zina zomwe zili mu chakudyacho zimapangitsa fungo lapadera la nkhumba ndikukhudza ubwino wa nyama. Kuwonjezera pa masamba a Eucommia ulmoides monga chowonjezera cha chakudya mu chakudya kungathandize kupanga collagen ndikukweza ubwino wa nkhumba. Kuphatikiza apo, ubwino wa nkhumba udzakhudzidwanso ndi njira zodyetsera. Mwachitsanzo, pali malo apadera ochitira masewera a nkhumba. Kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa nkhumbachakudya chobiriwirandi chakudya chopanda mafuta ambiri zingathandize kuti nkhumba ikhale yabwino.

4. Zinthu zina

Zinthu zomwe zimachitika munthu asanaphedwe monga njira yophera, nthawi yodikira, nthawi yoyendera, ndi njira zochizira pambuyo pa imfa monga kutentha kwa dziwe lotentha komanso njira yophikira zimakhudza ubwino wa nkhumba. Mwachitsanzo, poyerekeza ndi kugwedezeka kwa magetsi, kulephera kugwira ntchito kwa carbon dioxide kungachepetse kwambiri kuchuluka kwa minofu yoyera; Kuchepetsa nthawi yoyendera ndi kukulitsa nthawi yophera kungachepetse nkhawa ya nkhumba; Kutentha kwa dziwe lotentha sikophweka kukhala kokwera kwambiri. Ngati kutentha kupitirira 60 ℃, nkhumba idzatenthedwa ndikuzunguliridwa, zomwe zidzakhudza kukoma kwa nkhumba.

Mwachidule, popanga nyama yeniyeni, tiyenera kusankha mitundu yoyenera, kulimbitsa kayendetsedwe ka zakudya zasayansi, kuchepetsa kupsinjika maganizo musanaphe nyama ndi zina zofunika kuti nyama ikhale yabwino kwambiri.