Potaziyamu diformate, monga chowonjezera chatsopano cha chakudya, chawonetsa kuthekera kwakukulu kogwiritsa ntchito mumakampani a ulimi wa nsombaM'zaka zaposachedwapa. Mphamvu zake zapadera zothana ndi mabakiteriya, kukula, komanso kusintha khalidwe la madzi zimapangitsa kuti ikhale njira yabwino kwambiri m'malo mwa maantibayotiki.

1. Zotsatira za mabakiteriya ndi Kupewa Matenda
Njira yogwiritsira ntchito maantibayotikipotaziyamu diformateMakamaka zimadalira formic acid ndi ma ion a formate omwe amatulutsidwa m'mimba mwa nyama. Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti pamene pH ili pansi pa 4.5, potassium diformate imatha kutulutsa mamolekyu a formic acid omwe ali ndi mphamvu zowononga mabakiteriya. Izi zimasonyeza zotsatira zazikulu zoletsa mabakiteriya omwe amapezeka m'madzi, monga Aeromonas hydrophila ndi Edwardsiella. Mwachitsanzo, poyesa ulimi wa Pacific white shrimp, kuwonjezera 0.6% potassium formate kuti idyetse kuchuluka kwa kupulumuka kwa shrimp ndi 12%-15% pomwe kuchepetsa kutupa m'matumbo ndi pafupifupi 30%. Chodziwika bwino ndi chakuti, mphamvu ya potassium diformate yolimbana ndi mabakiteriya imadalira mlingo, koma kuwonjezera kwambiri kungakhudze kukoma. Mlingo woyenera nthawi zambiri umakhala pakati pa 0.5% ndi 1.2%.

2. Limbikitsani kukula ndi kusintha chakudya cha ziweto
Potaziyamu diformatekumawonjezera kukula kwa nyama zam'madzi kudzera m'njira zosiyanasiyana:
-Chepetsani pH ya njira yogaya chakudya, yambitsani pepsinogen, ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni ogaya chakudya (deta yoyesera ikuwonetsa kuti imatha kuwonjezeka ndi 8% -10%);
-Kuletsa mabakiteriya owopsa, kulimbikitsa kuchulukana kwa mabakiteriya opindulitsa monga mabakiteriya a lactic acid, ndikuwongolera bwino matumbo a microbiota;
-Kuwonjezera kuyamwa kwa mchere, makamaka kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zinthu monga calcium ndi phosphorous. Mu ulimi wa carp, kuwonjezera 1% ya potaziyamu diformate kumatha kuwonjezera kulemera kwa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi 6.8% ndikuchepetsa kudya bwino ndi 0.15%. Kuyesa kwa nsomba za ku South America white shrimp kunawonetsanso kuti gulu loyeseralo linali ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kulemera kwa 11.3% poyerekeza ndi gulu lowongolera.

3. Ntchito yowongolera khalidwe la madzi
Zotsatira za kagayidwe kachakudya ka potaziyamu diformate ndi carbon dioxide ndi madzi, zomwe sizimakhalabe m'malo osungiramo nsomba. Mphamvu yake yoletsa mabakiteriya imatha kuchepetsa kutulutsa kwa mabakiteriya opatsirana m'ndowe, kuchepetsa mwachindunji kuchuluka kwa ammonia nayitrogeni (NH ∝ - N) ndi nitrite (NO ₂⁻) m'madzi. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya cha potaziyamu diformate m'madzi osungira nsomba kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni m'madzi ndi 18% -22% poyerekeza ndi gulu lachikhalidwe, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pa machitidwe osungira nsomba okhala ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu.

4. Kuwunika chitetezo cha pulogalamu
1. Chitetezo cha poizoni
Potaziyamu diformate yalembedwa ngati chowonjezera cha chakudya "chopanda zotsalira" ndi European Union (nambala yolembetsera ya EU E236). Kuyesa kwa poizoni koopsa kunawonetsa kuti LD50 yake ku nsomba ndi yoposa 5000 mg/kg kulemera kwa thupi, komwe ndi chinthu chopanda poizoni. Mu kuyesa kwa masiku 90 kosatha, chakudya cha nyama zodyedwa ndi udzu chokhala ndi 1.5% potassium diformate (katatu kuposa mlingo woyenera) popanda vuto lililonse la chiwindi kapena impso kapena kusintha kwa histopathological. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti pali kusiyana pakulekerera kwa nyama zosiyanasiyana zam'madzi ku potassium diformate, ndipo nyama zotchedwa crustaceans (monga shrimp) nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi kulekerera kwakukulu kuposa nsomba.

2. Zotsalira za bungwe ndi njira za kagayidwe kachakudya
Kafukufuku wofufuza za radioisotope wasonyeza kuti potaziyamu diformate imatha kusinthidwa kukhala kagayidwe kake konse m'nsomba mkati mwa maola 24, ndipo palibe zotsalira za prototype zomwe zingawonekere m'minofu. Kagayidwe kake ka thupi sikapanga zinthu zoopsa ndipo kamakwaniritsa zofunikira pa chitetezo cha chakudya.

3. Chitetezo cha chilengedwe
Potaziyamu imatha kuwonongeka mofulumira m'malo achilengedwe ndi theka la moyo wa maola pafupifupi 48 (pa 25 ℃). Kuwunika zoopsa zachilengedwe kukuwonetsa kuti palibe chomwe chingakhudze kwambiri zomera zam'madzi (monga Elodea) ndi plankton pogwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse. Komabe, ziyenera kudziwika kuti m'malo okhala ndi madzi ofewa (kulimba konse <50 mg/L), mlingo uyenera kuchepetsedwa moyenera kuti pH isasinthe.

4. Njira yogwiritsira ntchito nyengo
Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito pazochitika zotsatirazi:
-Nyengo yotentha kwambiri (kutentha kwa madzi>28 ℃) ndi nthawi yoopsa kwambiri ya matenda;
-Pamene madzi ali ambiri pakati ndi pambuyo pake pa ulimi wa nsomba;
-Pa nthawi zovuta monga kusamutsa mbande ku maiwe kapena kuzigawa m'maiwe.

Potaziyamu diformate, yokhala ndi ntchito zambiri komanso chitetezo, ikusintha njira yopewera matenda ndi kuwongolera ulimi wa nsomba.

M'tsogolomu, ndikofunikira kulimbitsa mgwirizano pakati pa kafukufuku wa mayunivesite amakampani, kukonza miyezo yaukadaulo wogwiritsira ntchito, ndikulimbikitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa njira yonse yothetsera mavuto kuyambira pakupanga chakudya mpaka malo osungiramo nsomba, kuti chowonjezera chobiriwirachi chikhale ndi gawo lalikulu pakuwonetsetsa kuti nyama zam'madzi ndi zamoyo zili otetezeka.kutsatsachitukuko chokhazikika.