Mtengo wa potassium diformate mu ulimi wa nkhuku:

Mphamvu yolimbana ndi bakiteriya (kuchepetsa Escherichia coli ndi 30%), kuwongolera kusintha kwa chakudya ndi 5-8%, m'malo mwa maantibayotiki kuti muchepetse kutsekula m'mimba ndi 42%. Kulemera kwa nkhuku za broiler ndi 80-120 magalamu pa nkhuku iliyonse, kuchuluka kwa mazira a nkhuku zoikira kumawonjezeka ndi 2-3%, ndipo phindu lathunthu likuwonjezeka ndi 8% -12%, chomwe chiri chofunikira kwambiri pa ulimi wobiriwira.

Potaziyamu diformate, monga mtundu watsopano wa zowonjezera chakudya, wasonyeza kufunika ntchito m'munda wa ulimi nkhuku m'zaka zaposachedwapa. Mankhwala ake apadera oletsa mabakiteriya, kulimbikitsa kukula, komanso njira zowongolera thanzi lamatumbo zimapatsa njira yatsopano yoweta nkhuku zathanzi.

1, katundu thupi ndi mankhwala ndi zinchito maziko a potaziyamu diformate

Potaziyamu diformatendi crystalline pawiri yopangidwa ndi kuphatikiza kwa formic acid ndi potaziyamu diformate mu 1: 1 molar ratio, ndi formula ya molekyulu CHKO ₂. Zikuwoneka ngati ufa wa crystalline woyera ndipo umasungunuka mosavuta m'madzi. Mchere wa organic acidwu umakhalabe wolimba m'malo okhala acidic, koma ukhoza kulekanitsa ndikutulutsa formic acid ndi potaziyamu diformate m'malo osalowerera kapena ofooka amchere (monga matumbo a nkhuku). Phindu lake lapadera lagona pa mfundo yakuti formic acid ndi mafuta afupiafupi omwe ali ndi antibacterial amphamvu kwambiri pakati pa ma organic acid omwe amadziwika, pamene ayoni a potaziyamu amatha kuwonjezera ma electrolyte, ndipo awiriwa amagwira ntchito limodzi.

Mphamvu ya antibacterialpotassium diformatezimatheka kwambiri m'njira zitatu:

The dissociated formic acid mamolekyu amatha kulowa mu nembanemba bakiteriya cell, kuchepetsa intracellular pH, ndi kusokoneza ma microbial enzyme kachitidwe ndi zoyendera michere;
Formic acid yosathetsedwa imalowa m'maselo a bakiteriya ndikuwola kukhala H ⁺ ndi HCOO ⁻, kusokoneza kapangidwe ka bakiteriya nucleic acid, makamaka kuwonetsa zotsatira zolepheretsa mabakiteriya a Gram negative monga Salmonella ndi Escherichia coli.

Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kuwonjezera 0.6% potaziyamu formate kungachepetse chiwerengero cha Escherichia coli mu cecum wa nkhuku za broiler ndi 30%;

Poletsa kuchulukana kwa mabakiteriya owopsa, kulimbikitsa mosadukiza kukhazikika kwa mabakiteriya opindulitsa monga mabakiteriya a lactic acid, ndikuwongolera bwino kwamatumbo a microbiota.

2. Njira yayikulu yogwirira ntchito pakuweta nkhuku
1. Mphamvu zowononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuchepetsa katundu wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda

Mphamvu ya antibacterial ya potassium diformate imapezeka makamaka m'njira zitatu:
The dissociated formic acid mamolekyu amatha kulowa mu nembanemba bakiteriya cell, kuchepetsa intracellular pH, ndi kusokoneza ma microbial enzyme kachitidwe ndi zoyendera michere;
Formic acid yosathetsedwa imalowa m'maselo a bakiteriya ndikuwola kukhala H ⁺ ndi HCOO ⁻, kusokoneza kapangidwe ka bakiteriya nucleic acid, makamaka kuwonetsa zotsatira zolepheretsa mabakiteriya a Gram negative monga Salmonella ndi Escherichia coli. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kuwonjezera 0.6% potaziyamu diformate kungachepetse chiwerengero cha Escherichia coli mu cecum wa nkhuku za broiler ndi 30%;
Poletsa kuchulukana kwa mabakiteriya owopsa, kulimbikitsa mosadukiza kukhazikika kwa mabakiteriya opindulitsa monga mabakiteriya a lactic acid, ndikuwongolera bwino kwamatumbo a microbiota.

2. Kupititsa patsogolo kagayidwe kachakudya ndikuwongolera kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka chakudya

Kuchepetsa pH mtengo wa m'mimba, yambitsani pepsinogen, ndikulimbikitsa kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni;
Kulimbikitsa katulutsidwe ka m'mimba michere mu kapamba, kusintha chimbudzi mlingo wa wowuma ndi mafuta. Deta yoyesera ikuwonetsa kuti kuwonjezera 0.5% potaziyamu diformate ku chakudya cha broiler kumatha kukulitsa kusintha kwa chakudya ndi 5-8%;

Tetezani kapangidwe ka matumbo a villus ndikuwonjezera mayamwidwe am'matumbo ang'onoang'ono. Kuyang'ana kwa ma electron microscopy kunawonetsa kuti kutalika kwa jejunum mu nkhuku zophikidwa ndi potaziyamu kumawonjezeka ndi 15% -20% poyerekeza ndi gulu lolamulira.

Unduna wa Zaulimi ku China (2019). Amachepetsa kutsekula m'mimba kudzera m'njira zingapo. Mu kuyesa kwa broiler yoyera yamasiku 35, kuwonjezeredwa kwa 0.8%potassium diformateanachepetsa kutsekula m'mimba ndi 42% poyerekeza ndi gulu lopanda kanthu, ndipo zotsatira zake zinali zofanana ndi za gulu la antibiotic.
3, Kupindula kwa ntchito pakupanga kwenikweni

1. Kayendetsedwe ka ulimi wa nkhuku
Kuchita Kukula: Pamasiku a 42, kulemera kwapakati pa kupha ndi 80-120 magalamu, ndipo kufanana kumakhala bwino ndi 5 peresenti;

Kusintha kwabwino kwa nyama: kumachepetsa kutayika kwa minofu ya pachifuwa ndikuwonjezera moyo wa alumali. Izi zitha kukhala zokhudzana ndi kuchepa kwake kwa kupsinjika kwa okosijeni, pomwe milingo ya MDA ya seramu imatsika ndi 25%;

Phindu lazachuma: Powerengeredwa potengera mitengo yazakudya zamakono, nkhuku iliyonse imatha kukweza ndalama zonse ndi 0.3-0.5 yuan.
2. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mazira Kuku Kupanga
Kuchuluka kwa mazira kumawonjezeka ndi 2-3%, makamaka kwa nkhuku zoikira pambuyo pa nthawi yapamwamba;

Kupititsa patsogolo khalidwe la chigoba cha mazira, ndi kuchepa kwa 0.5-1 peresenti pakusweka kwa dzira, chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa calcium mayamwidwe;

Kuchepetsa kwambiri ndende ya ammonia mu ndowe (30% -40%) ndi kusintha m'nyumba chilengedwe.

Kuchuluka kwa kutupa kwa mchombo wa nkhuku kunachepa, ndipo kupulumuka kwa masiku 7 kunawonjezeka ndi 1.5-2%.

4. Ndondomeko yogwiritsira ntchito sayansi ndi njira zodzitetezera
1. Kuonjezera kovomerezeka

Broiler: 0.5% -1.2% (mmwamba kumayambiriro koyambirira, otsika pambuyo pake);
Nkhuku zoikira mazira: 0,3% -0.6%;
Kumwa zowonjezera madzi: 0.1% -0.2% (kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito limodzi ndi acidifiers).

2. Maluso ogwirizana
The synergistic ntchito ndi probiotics ndi zomera zofunika mafuta akhoza kumapangitsanso zotsatira;
Pewani kusakaniza mwachindunji ndi zinthu zamchere (monga soda);
Kuchuluka kwa mkuwa wowonjezeredwa ku zakudya zamkuwa zamkuwa kuyenera kuwonjezeka ndi 10% -15%.

3. Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za kayendetsedwe ka khalidwe
Sankhani zinthu zokhala ndi chiyero cha ≥ 98%, ndipo zonyansa (monga zitsulo zolemera) ziyenera kutsata muyezo wa GB/T 27985;
Sungani pamalo ozizira ndi owuma, gwiritsani ntchito mwamsanga mutatsegula;
Samalirani kuchuluka kwa magwero a calcium m'zakudya, chifukwa kudya kwambiri kungakhudze kuyamwa kwa mchere.

5, Zochitika Zachitukuko Zamtsogolo
Ndi chitukuko chaukadaulo waukadaulo wazakudya, makonzedwe otulutsa pang'onopang'ono ndi ma microencapsulated a potaziyamu diformate adzakhala njira yofufuzira ndi chitukuko. Pansi pa njira yochepetsera kukana kwa maantibayotiki pakuweta nkhuku, kuphatikiza kwa oligosaccharides ndi kukonzekera kwa ma enzyme kumapangitsa kuti nkhuku zitheke bwino. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti kafukufuku waposachedwa ndi Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences mu 2024 adapeza kuti mawonekedwe a potaziyamu amatha kukulitsa chitetezo cham'mimba mwa kuwongolera njira yozindikirira ya TLR4/NF - κ B, kupereka maziko atsopano amalingaliro akukula kwake.

Zochita zawonetsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mwanzerupotassium diformateKutha kuonjezera phindu lalikulu la ulimi wa nkhuku ndi 8% -12%, koma mphamvu zake zimakhudzidwa ndi zinthu monga kasamalidwe ka chakudya ndi zakudya zoyambira.

Alimi akuyenera kuyesa kuyesa kutengera momwe alili kuti apeze njira yabwino yogwiritsira ntchito ndikugwiritsa ntchito mokwanira phindu lazachuma ndi chilengedwe la chowonjezera chobiriwirachi.