Mafuta afupiafupi, kuphatikizapo butyrate ndi mitundu yake yochokera, agwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zowonjezera zakudya kuti asinthe kapena kuchepetsa zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha zosakaniza zochokera ku zomera mu zakudya za aquaculture, ndipo ali ndi zotsatira zambiri zowoneka bwino pakulimbitsa thupi ndi thanzi mwa nyama zoyamwitsa ndi ziweto. Tributyrin, yomwe imachokera ku butyric acid, yayesedwa ngati yowonjezera muzakudya za nyama zoweta, ndipo zotsatira zake ndizabwino m'mitundu ingapo. Mu nsomba ndi nyama zokwawa, kuphatikiza kwa tributyrin muzakudya kwaposachedwa ndipo sikunaphunziridwe kwambiri koma zotsatira zake zikusonyeza kuti ikhoza kukhala yopindulitsa kwambiri kwa nyama zam'madzi. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa mitundu yodya nyama, yomwe zakudya zake ziyenera kukonzedwa bwino kuti ichepetse kuchuluka kwa nsomba kuti ipititse patsogolo chilengedwe komanso chuma cha gawoli. Ntchito yomwe ilipo pano ikuwonetsa tributyrin ndipo ikuwonetsa zotsatira zazikulu za kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake ngati gwero la butyric acid muzakudya za nyama zam'madzi. Cholinga chachikulu chikuperekedwa ku mitundu ya aquaculture ndi momwe tributyrin, yomwe imachokera ku chakudya, ingathandizire kukonza bwino chakudya cha m'madzi chochokera ku zomera.
2. Glyceryl butyrate
Asidi ya Butyric ili ndi fungo losasangalatsa ndipo ndi yosavuta kusinthasintha, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kufika kumapeto kwa matumbo kuti agwire ntchito nyama zitadya, kotero sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito mwachindunji popanga. Glyceryl butyrate ndi mafuta ochokera ku butyric acid ndi glycerin. Asidi ya Butyric ndi glycerin zimamangidwa ndi ma covalent bond. Zimakhala zokhazikika kuyambira pH1-7 mpaka 230 ℃. Nyama zitadya, glyceryl butyrate siiwola m'mimba, koma imawola kukhala butyric acid ndi glycerin m'matumbo motsogozedwa ndi pancreatic lipase, ndikutulutsa pang'onopang'ono butyric acid. Glyceryl butyrate, monga chowonjezera cha chakudya, ndi chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, chotetezeka, chopanda poizoni, ndipo chili ndi kukoma kwapadera. Sikuti zimangothetsa vuto lakuti butyric acid ndi yovuta kuwonjezera ngati madzi ndipo imanunkhiza moyipa, komanso zimawonjezera vuto lakuti butyric acid ndi yovuta kufika m'matumbo ikagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji. Amaonedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa zinthu zabwino kwambiri zotumphukira mu butyric acid komanso antihistamine.
2.1 Glyceryl Tributyrate ndi Glyceryl Monobutyrate
TributyrinIli ndi mamolekyu atatu a butyric acid ndi molekyu imodzi ya glycerol. Tributyrin imatulutsa pang'onopang'ono butyric acid m'matumbo kudzera mu pancreatic lipase, gawo lake limatulutsidwa kutsogolo kwa matumbo, ndipo gawo lake limafika kumbuyo kwa matumbo kuti ligwire ntchito; Monobutyric acid glyceride imapangidwa ndi molekyu imodzi ya butyric acid yomangirira pamalo oyamba a glycerol (malo a Sn-1), omwe ali ndi mphamvu zochiritsa komanso zochiritsa. Amatha kufika kumapeto kwa matumbo ndi madzi am'mimba. Asidi ena a butyric amatulutsidwa ndi pancreatic lipase, ndipo ena amatengedwa mwachindunji ndi maselo a epithelial am'mimba. Amasungunuka kukhala butyric acid ndi glycerol m'maselo a mucosal am'mimba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matumbo azikula. Glyceryl butyrate ili ndi polarity ya mamolekyu ndi nonpolarity, yomwe imatha kulowa bwino mu nembanemba ya ma cell a hydrophilic kapena lipophilic a mabakiteriya akuluakulu opatsirana, kulowa m'maselo a bakiteriya, kuwononga kapangidwe ka maselo, ndikupha mabakiteriya owopsa. Monobutyric acid glyceride ili ndi mphamvu yolimbana ndi mabakiteriya a gramu-positive ndi mabakiteriya a gramu-negative, ndipo ili ndi mphamvu yolimbana ndi mabakiteriya abwino.
2.2 Kugwiritsa ntchito glyceryl butyrate mu zinthu zam'madzi
Glyceryl butyrate, monga chochokera ku butyric acid, imatha kutulutsa butyric acid bwino pogwiritsa ntchito pancreatic lipase ya m'mimba, ndipo ndi yopanda fungo, yokhazikika, yotetezeka komanso yopanda zotsalira. Ndi imodzi mwa njira zabwino kwambiri zogwiritsira ntchito maantibayotiki ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu ulimi wa nsomba. Zhai Qiuling et al. adawonetsa kuti pamene 100-150 mg/kg tributylglycerol ester inawonjezedwa ku chakudya, kuchuluka kwa kulemera, kuchuluka kwa kukula, ntchito za ma enzyme osiyanasiyana ogaya chakudya komanso kutalika kwa intestinal villi isanayambe komanso itatha kuwonjezera 100 mg/kg tributylglycerol ester zitha kuwonjezeredwa kwambiri; Tang Qifeng ndi ofufuza ena adapeza kuti kuwonjezera 1.5g/kg tributylglycerol ester ku chakudya kungathandize kwambiri kukula kwa Penaeus vannamei, ndikuchepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa vibrio m'matumbo; Jiang Yingying et al. adapeza kuti kuwonjezera 1g/kg ya tributyl glyceride ku chakudya kumatha kukulitsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa kulemera kwa Allogynogenetic crucian carp, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya, ndikuwonjezera ntchito ya superoxide dismutase (SOD) mu hepatopancreatic; Kafukufuku wina adawonetsa kuti kuwonjezera 1000 mg/kgtributyl glycerideKudya zakudya kungapangitse kuti ntchito ya m'mimba ya superoxide dismutase (SOD) ya Jian carp ichuluke kwambiri.
Nthawi yotumizira: Januwale-05-2023
